嵌入式Linux中文站收集整理Linux0.11版本內核學習筆記，本文分析了Linux進程控制模塊的數據結構。

struct?task_struct?{??

long?state??

//任務的運行狀態(-1?不可運行,0?可運行(就緒),>0?已停止)。??

long?counter??

//?任務運行時間計數(遞減)(滴答數),運行時間片。??

long?priority??

//?運行優先數。??

任務開始運行時?counter=priority,??

越大運行越長。??

long?signal??

//?信號。是位圖,每個比特位代表一種信號,信號值=位偏移值+1。??

struct?sigaction?sigaction[32]?//?信號執行屬性結構,對應信號將要執行的操作和標志信息。??

long?blocked??

//?進程信號屏蔽碼(對應信號位圖)。??

int?exit_code??

//?任務執行停止的退出碼,其父進程會取。??

//?代碼段地址。??

unsigned?long?start_code??

unsigned?long?end_code??

//?代碼長度(字節數)。??

unsigned?long?end_data??

//?代碼長度?+?數據長度(字節數)。??

unsigned?long?brk??

//?總長度(字節數)。??

unsigned?long?start_stack??

//?堆棧段地址。??

long?pid??

//?進程標識號(進程號)。??

long?father??

//?父進程號。??

long?pgrp??

//?父進程組號。??

long?session??

//?會話號。??

long?leader??

//?會話首領。??

unsigned?short?uid??

//?用戶標識號(用戶?id)。??

unsigned?short?euid??

//?有效用戶?id。??

unsigned?short?suid??

//?保存的用戶?id。??

unsigned?short?gid??

//?組標識號(組?id)。??

unsigned?short?egid??

//?有效組?id。??

unsigned?short?sgid??

//?保存的組?id。??

long?alarm??

//?報警定時值(滴答數)。??

long?utime??

//?用戶態運行時間(滴答數)。??

long?stime??

//?系統態運行時間(滴答數)。??

long?cutime??

//?子進程用戶態運行時間。??

long?cstime??

//?子進程系統態運行時間。??

long?start_time??

//?進程開始運行時刻。??

unsigned?short?used_math??

//?標志:是否使用了協處理器。??

int?tty??

//?進程使用?tty?的子設備號。-1?表示沒有使用。??

unsigned?short?umask??

//?文件創建屬性屏蔽位。??

struct?m_inode?*?pwd??

//?當前工作目錄?i?節點結構。??

struct?m_inode?*?root??

//?根目錄?i?節點結構。??

struct?m_inode?*?executable?//?執行文件?i?節點結構。??

unsigned?long?close_on_exec?//?執行時關閉文件句柄位圖標志。(參見?include/fcntl.h)??

struct?file?*?filp[NR_OPEN]?//?文件結構指針表,最多?32?項。表項號即是文件描述符的值。??

struct?desc_struct?ldt[3]?//?任務局部描述符表。0-空,1-代碼段?cs,2-數據和堆棧段?ds&ss。??

struct?tss_struct?tss??

//?進程的任務狀態段信息結構。??

};??

struct task_struct {long state//任務的運行狀態(-1 不可運行,0 可運行(就緒),>0 已停止)。long counter// 任務運行時間計數(遞減)(滴答數),運行時間片。long priority// 運行優先數。任務開始運行時 counter=priority,越大運行越長。long signal// 信號。是位圖,每個比特位代表一種信號,信號值=位偏移值+1。struct sigaction sigaction[32] // 信號執行屬性結構,對應信號將要執行的操作和標志信息。long blocked// 進程信號屏蔽碼(對應信號位圖)。int exit_code// 任務執行停止的退出碼,其父進程會取。// 代碼段地址。unsigned long start_codeunsigned long end_code// 代碼長度(字節數)。unsigned long end_data// 代碼長度 + 數據長度(字節數)。unsigned long brk// 總長度(字節數)。unsigned long start_stack// 堆棧段地址。long pid// 進程標識號(進程號)。long father// 父進程號。long pgrp// 父進程組號。long session// 會話號。long leader// 會話首領。unsigned short uid// 用戶標識號(用戶 id)。unsigned short euid// 有效用戶 id。unsigned short suid// 保存的用戶 id。unsigned short gid// 組標識號(組 id)。unsigned short egid// 有效組 id。unsigned short sgid// 保存的組 id。long alarm// 報警定時值(滴答數)。long utime// 用戶態運行時間(滴答數)。long stime// 系統態運行時間(滴答數)。long cutime// 子進程用戶態運行時間。long cstime// 子進程系統態運行時間。long start_time// 進程開始運行時刻。unsigned short used_math// 標志:是否使用了協處理器。int tty// 進程使用 tty 的子設備號。-1 表示沒有使用。unsigned short umask// 文件創建屬性屏蔽位。struct m_inode * pwd// 當前工作目錄 i 節點結構。struct m_inode * root// 根目錄 i 節點結構。struct m_inode * executable // 執行文件 i 節點結構。unsigned long close_on_exec // 執行時關閉文件句柄位圖標志。(參見 include/fcntl.h)struct file * filp[NR_OPEN] // 文件結構指針表,最多 32 項。表項號即是文件描述符的值。struct desc_struct ldt[3] // 任務局部描述符表。0-空,1-代碼段 cs,2-數據和堆棧段 ds&ss。struct tss_struct tss// 進程的任務狀態段信息結構。};?

其中的 m_inode數據結構如下

struct?m_inode?{??

unsigned?short?i_mode;??

unsigned?short?i_uid;??

unsigned?long?i_size;??

unsigned?long?i_mtime;??

unsigned?char?i_gid;??

unsigned?char?i_nlinks;??

unsigned?short?i_zone[9];??

/*?these?are?in?memory?also?*/??

struct?task_struct?*?i_wait;??

unsigned?long?i_atime;??

unsigned?long?i_ctime;??

unsigned?short?i_dev;??

unsigned?short?i_num;??

unsigned?short?i_count;??

unsigned?char?i_lock;??

unsigned?char?i_dirt;??

unsigned?char?i_pipe;??

unsigned?char?i_mount;??

unsigned?char?i_seek;??

unsigned?char?i_update;??

};??

struct m_inode {unsigned short i_mode;unsigned short i_uid;unsigned long i_size;unsigned long i_mtime;unsigned char i_gid;unsigned char i_nlinks;unsigned short i_zone[9];/* these are in memory also */struct task_struct * i_wait;unsigned long i_atime;unsigned long i_ctime;unsigned short i_dev;unsigned short i_num;unsigned short i_count;unsigned char i_lock;unsigned char i_dirt;unsigned char i_pipe;unsigned char i_mount;unsigned char i_seek;unsigned char i_update;};?

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