傳感器控制和接口用微控制器系統(tǒng)

　　微控制器正在成為工業(yè)和商業(yè)系統(tǒng)中基于傳感器的系統(tǒng)的核心引擎。創(chuàng)建核心平臺和只為傳感器應(yīng)用程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)低成本軟件和固件更改的能力，推動了開發(fā)板的可用性和多樣性的增加。雖然主要通過串行端口接口，模擬信號和混合信號傳感器影響微控制器的性能、操作系統(tǒng)的選擇和整體設(shè)計的功率/性能。使用特定的開發(fā)板簡化了設(shè)計任務(wù)，并有助于及時完成設(shè)計。

　　傳感器控制與接口

　　嵌入式系統(tǒng)越來越多地使用多個傳感器來對環(huán)境進(jìn)行采樣。大量的傳感器使用簡單的串行接口產(chǎn)生數(shù)字輸出，可由單片機(jī)直接處理。這些系統(tǒng)使用傳統(tǒng)的串行接口，多路傳感器之間提供控制器的結(jié)構(gòu)來處理在一個時間只有一個輸入（GPIO，我2C、SPI、RS232、RS422、等）。其他串行傳感器設(shè)備包括USB接口的全協(xié)議管理和該接口用于多設(shè)備管理的方法。

　　While communication with sensors is digital， most sensors are analog. Analog sensors include light and IR detectors， thermocouples， touch controllers， sound and external-area motion sensors， device position and movement sensors， and temperature and pressure sensors. The resolution and accuracy levels of analog sensors dictate not only the size of the data stores and word size but also the speed and math processing capabilities of the MCU.

　　Since there many different types of sensors， the primary method for system development involves selecting a core controller and then programming in software an application that calls an interface software routine for the specific sensor being used. Using this approach， the designer can create a common design platform and GUI while leaving the final optimization step for a particular sensor and application until the very end of the design cycle. Most of the MCU software development kits （SDKs） are designed to support this methodology and include development boards that are optimized for this approach.