提出了應用于QoS路由選擇的一種新遺傳算法，該算法給出了基于跳數優先原則的初始種群生成辦法，以及鄰近交叉和前向變異兩個關鍵算子。算法的主要優點表現為初始種群生成獨立于網絡拓撲的度量參數，交叉產生了多樣性新個體，以及變異有效抑制算法退化等。對隨機生成的不同規模的網絡拓撲結構進行仿真，結果表明該算法是有效的。The most problems of multi-constrained QoS routing are NP-completeness. In this paper, a novel genetic algorithm is given which is applied to QoS routing. The principle of hop-prior is presented to generate an initial population. Simultaneously, two operators of vicinity crossover and forward mutation are brought forward. The primary advantages of this algorithm are shown as below: the population initialization is independent on the metrics in a network, the new personals born of crossover are diversified, and mutation depresses the algorithm devolutions effectively. At last, the simulations on differ-scale networks randomly created demonstrate that this algorithm is effective.